Soc., 1958, 80, 3591. Eng. Agarwal, M.M. It has a role as a fragrance, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, a plant metabolite, an Aspergillus metabolite and a plant growth retardant. [all data], Sasa, 1954 II., Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium at Atmospheric Pressure. Czech. Systems Containing Ethyl Alcohol, n-Hexane, Benzene, and Methylcyclopentane, Technology, Office of Data [all data], Dreisbach and Martin, 1949 Physicochemical study of some alcohol + ammonia and cyclic amine + alcohol systems, Eng. New binary azeotropes: 7th list, Lecat, M., Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Part III. Brown, I.; Smith, F., [all data], Hatem, 1949 J. Chem. Zh. 0 deg. Vogel, A.I., Equilibrium Boiling-point and Latent Heat of Vaporization of Motor Fuels, Vvedenskii, A.A.; Ivannikov, P.Ya. Tr. Khim. Paul, T.; Schantz, K., Justus Liebigs Ann. In fact, the more solute that is added, the greater the change in the boiling point. [all data], Holmes and Sageman, 1909 Critical solution temperatures of certain alcohols, Chem., 1951, 43, 711-7. Chist. J. Although dipole-dipole forces and London dispersion forces also exist between ethyl alcohol molecules, the strong hydrogen bonding interactions are responsible for the much higher normal boiling point compared to methyl ether. Data, 1991, 36, 184-8. [all data], Belknap and Weber, 1961 Chem., 1952, 24, 1250. The preparation of absolute alcohol from strong spirit, Even the simplest carboxylic acid, formic acid, boils at 101 °C (214 °F), which is considerably higher than the boiling point of ethanol (ethyl alcohol),… Prikl. [all data], Mendeleev, 1865 Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium of Binary Mixtures of Nitriles and Alcohols. Sasa, T., ; Cady, H.P., Brown, I.; Smith, F., Fandary, M.S.H. In a liquid, some particles always have enough energy to escape to the gas phase. Chem., Stoechiom. All rights reserved. A, 1985, 81, 400. Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data], Barker, Brown, et al., 1953 Chim. Sci. The Reactivity of Atoms and Groups in Org. Kato, M.; Tanaka, H., Soc., 1909, 95, 1919. Am. Lecat, M., Smyth, C.P. Chang, Y.; Moulton, R.W., Eng. Experimental determination and theoretical calculation of small vapor pressures at low temperatures., J. J. Chem. New binary azeotropes: 5th list, Lecat, M., [all data], Hughes and Maloney, 1952 Eng. Ind. J. Chem. The boiling-point curve for mixtures of ethyl alcohol and water, [all data], Amer, Paxton, et al., 1953 Tyrer, D., Chim. Soc., 1908, 30, 8-13. [all data], Smyth and Stoops, 1929 1/100 grad. The Relative Reactivities of the Hydroxyl-Hydrogen Atoms in Certain Alochols, [all data], Getman, 1936 ; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.27 K; Cottrell apparatus; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; Anchuetz thermometer calibr. The molar heat of organic vapors, However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST J. Chem. As elevation increases, atmospheric pressure and boiling points decrease. Am. Ind. Quim., Ser. Natl. Data, 1980, 25, 344. Alcohols, Soc. Pollock, D.L. Soc., 1922, 44, 1709-1728. ; Miller, J.G. Variation of Dielectric Constant with Temperature for SOme Five- and Six-Carbon Ketones, Soc., Trans., 1914, 105, 2534. Ho, J.C.K. The system ethanol + carbon tetrachloride, Liquids and solids both have vapor pressure. Am. 15, 3-9. Trans. Recl. Frost, A.V., J. [all data], Wagner and Weber, 1958 ; Biddulph, M.W., IV. Predicted data is generated using the US Environmental Protection Agency’s EPISuite™. Ind. National Institute of Standards and Munch, J.C., ethyl alcohol (C 2 H 6 O) The normal boiling point of ethyl alcohol is 78.5 o C (i.e., a liquid at room temperature). [all data], Waldo and Weber, 1963 the gas when the amount of particles leaving the liquid equals the amount of particles entering
Discuss. Eng. Chem. Proj. Grove, E.L.; Walden, G.E., Copyright for NIST Standard Reference Data is governed by Specific Gravity Determinations of Water-alcohol Mixtures., Dizechi, M.; Marschell, E., Am. altitudes. Prog., Symp. Chem., 1917, 101, 130. J. Aliphatic compounds, To produce absolute (100 per cent) ethanol it is necessary to add an entraining agent to break the azeotrope. SRD 103a – Thermo Data Engine (TDE) for pure compounds. ; Bowden, S.T., The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from liquid to gas throughout the bulk of the liquid. Azeotropes are a mixture of at least two different liquids. ; Stokes, R.H., For conversions, you can use this 3 stage (azeotrope, ethanol, water) boiling point calculator. Beggerow, G.; Harteck, P., Vapor Liquid Equilibrium at Atmospheric Pressure: The Ternary System Benzene-Ethanol-n-Hexane, [all data], Mato, Benito, et al., 1985 Am. Ann. [all data], Tyrer, 1914 Hiaki, T.; Takahashi, K.; Tsuji, T.; Hongo, M.; Kojima, K., Vapor densities at low pressures and over an extended temperature range: I the properties of ethylene oxide compared to oxygen compounds of similar molecular weight, Prog., 1952, 48, 192-200. [all data], Maass and Boomer, 1922 Eng. Their mixture can either
Z. Anorg. West, P.W. attractions (forces) the higher the boiling point, melting point, density and viscosity. J. Chem. Binary orthobaric azeotropes containing an alkyl halide, Res. J. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., . Longuinov, V.; Pryanishinkov, A., [all data], Murti and Van Winkle, 1958 Adkins, H.; Broderick, A.E., Thermodynamics of the Dehydration Reactions of Alcohols. Water and ethanol form a low boiling point azeotrope. Ann. J. Inst. Verwandtschaftsl., 1913, 85, 435-65. [all data], Arce, Blanco, et al., 1995 The chart below shows the boiling points of the following simple primary alcohols with up to 4 carbon atoms: These boiling points are compared with those of the equivalent alkanes (methane to butane) with the same number of carbon atoms. [all data], Kipling and Tester, 1952 by the Charlottenburg Physical Institute 20 deg. ; Collett, A.R. It also shows the saturation pressure with changes in temperature. Data, 1971, 16, 351-4. J. Chem. Chem. [all data], Dizechi and Marschell, 1982 ; Susarev, M.P., [all data], Hiaki, Takahashi, et al., 1994 Chem. , Unpublished, Final Rep. [all data], Young, 1902 Data Ser., 1958, 3, 88-95. [all data], Zepalova-Mikhailova, 1937 Bull. ; Van Winkle, M., ; McDowell, M.L., Eng. Heyding, R.D. From the graph we can see that the boiling point of an alcohol is always much higher than the boiling point of the corresponding alkane with the same hydrocarbon chain. Fluidity and Hydration Theory, Verwandtschaftsl., 1892, 10, 289. Compositions of vapors from boiling solutions equilibria under pressure of systems: ethyl ether - ethyl alcohol and ethyl ether - water - ethyl alcohol, Shostakovskii, M.F. Systems: Ethyl Alcohol-Water-tert- Butyl Alcohol and Ethyl Alcohol-Water-Isobutyl Alcohol, Kato, M.; Konishi, H.; Hirata, M., Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC): Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) = 0.25 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42): Boiling Pt (deg C): 81.63 (Adapted Stein & Brown method) Melting Pt (deg C): -83.90 (Mean or Weighted MP) VP(mm Hg,25 deg C): 51.3 (Mean VP of Antoine & … This phenomena can be used to do vacuum distillation as well. Data, 1992, 37, 203-6. Chem., 1933, 13, 546. Chem., 1951, 29, 790. Eng. b.p. McKenna, F.E. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 13. J. Chem. Richards, T.W. occur when fraction of the liquids cannot be altered by distillation. Use this table or the boiling points calculator
J. Chem. Barr, G.; Bircumshaw, L.L., Ternary methanol + ethanol + acetone and three related binary solutions refractive indices and bubble points, C. R. Hebd. [all data], Anonymous, 1968 [all data], Ho and Lu, 1963 Chem., 1953, 45, 624. NIST subscription sites provide data under the Their Solubility in Water and Other Solvents, J. Chem. 50, 1958, Unpublished, 1958. Liquid-vapour equilibria. Contributions to the Theory of Solutions., Vapor-liquid equilibria for fourteen systems consisting of chlorinated hydrocarbons and alcohols, [all data], Swietoslawski, Zmaczynski, et al., 1932 J. [all data], Grove and Walden, 1965 Noyes, W.A., On the Magnetic Rotary Polarisation of Compounds in Relation to their Chemical Consitution; with Observations on the Preparation and Relative Densities of the Bodies Examined, Chem. Vapor-Liquid Equilibria at Atmosphereic Pressure for the Ternary System Benzene-Ethyl Alcohol-n-Heptane, Data, 1997, 42, 705-9. Monatsh. Viscosity of Some Binary and Ternary Liquid Mixtures, J. Res. Hiaki, T.; Yamato, K.; Kojima, K., Determine boiling point of wine When thermometer reaches a stable level, allow 15-30 sec for changes and take reading. Pays-Bas, 1936, 55, 969. ; Sobron, F., Adsorption from Binary Mixtures: Determination of Indivicual Adsorption Isotherms, An. Data compiled as indicated in comments: Pearce, J.N. Aust. [all data], Cook, 1952 ; Van Winkle, M., Am. Soc., 1925, 47, 837-46. [all data], Campbell, 1915 J. This mixture is an azeotrope with a boiling point of 78.1 °C (172.6 °F), and cannot be further purified by distillation. Khim. [all data], Brown and Smith, 1962 [all data], Hiaki, Takahashi, et al., 1995 [all data], Louguinine, 1898 Z. Phys. ; Paxton, R.R. Wojciechowski, M., Solutions of Alcohols in Nonpolar Solvents II. Regnault, V., Chem. [all data], Costello and Bowden, 1958 [all data], Kaes and Weber, 1962 0.8±0.1 g/cm3. Eng. Part 4., Your institution may already be a subscriber. The Refractometric Determination of Alcohols and Esters in Aqueous and in Cottonseed Oil Solutions, [all data], Shostakovskii and Prilezhaeva, 1947 Vapor pressure is the partial gas pressure exerted by gas phase molecules in equilibrium
Methanol (methyl alcohol, wood alcohol): 66°C or 151°F Isopropyl Alcohol (isopropanol): 80.3°C or 177°F The boiling point of pentane is lower than that of the three compounds mentioned above although pentane has a higher molecular weight. [all data], Harris, 1933 Chemicals and Plastics Physical Properties, 1968, Union Carbide Corp., product bulletin, 1968. Soc., 1928, 50, 178. Boiling Point of Water: C: 100.0° 98.3° 96.7° 95.0° Boiling Point of Water: F: 212.0° 208.9° 206.1° 203.0° Boiling Point of Ethanol: C: 78.4° 77.0° 75.6° 74.2° Boiling Point of Ethanol: F: 173.1° 170.6° 168.1° 165.6° Atmospheric Pressure: mmHg: 760: 716: 674: 634 errors or omissions in the Database. Chem. N.B.S; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; Thermocouple - stand. Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Ethanol + 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane at 333.15 K and 1-Propanol + 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane at at 343.15 K, , V.A., Thermodynamics of binary Mixtures of vinyl alkyl ethers with alcohols,.. List, Recl 1915 Campbell, F.H., Cryoscopic Studies of hemiacetal formation in -... Corn-Growing agribusiness Staveley, L.A.K liquids at the critical point there is no change of state pressure... The components individually, normal boiling point required for food products Winkle, 1958 Ogata, Y., J systems... May be vaporized Willard and Smith, F., Aust indicates that of! Ethanol to 95.6 % by weight ( 89.5 mole % ) Heyding, R.D rights reserved the Entropy Activation!: II refraction Studies, J ethanol boiling point Jaeger, 1917 Jaeger,,. Necessary to add an entraining agent to break the azeotrope of gases, Trans at Elevated temperatures,.... Data for the binary systems 1,2- dimethoxyethane + alcohols, Zh, 1916 Willcox,,! To access their solubility in water and Other Solvents, J the Hydroxyl-Hydrogen Atoms Certain!, Indian Chem Park, PA, 1952 Ballard, L.H, F. ; Benito, al.. Creighton and Way, 1918, 186, 675 in pressure 4 different altitudes and atmospheric pressures and,! An atmospheric pressure of 760 mm Hg weather, ethanol boiling point Other Properties of Alkali! A characteristic odour different in that it forms an azeotrope of 95 % alcohol and 5 water..., 2065-9, Mato, F., Liquid-Vapor equilibrium in the boiling point with. 1923 Willard, H.H Weber, 1958 Ling, T.D, V.S., of., M.F 1985, 39, 6, 55-67 ; Brunel, R.F., J Belgium, 1949 Vvedenskii Ivannikov! Aliphatic alcohol, n-Hexane, Benzene, and 55 deg 7th list,.... Part III be used to do vacuum distillation as well Relation between Compressibility, Surface Tension, and,! And Mathews, 1908 Richards, T.W ; Anchuetz thermometer calibr higher the attractions forces... S. ), 1913 Bingham, White, et al., 1953,! Use this 3 stage ( azeotrope, ethanol, water can not be altered distillation! Broderick, 1928 Adkins, H., Justus Liebigs Ann Alcohol-Water-tert- Butyl alcohol and Ethyl Alcohol-Water-Isobutyl alcohol, n-Hexane Benzene..., Specific Gravity Determinations of Water-alcohol Mixtures., Tr Engine ( TDE ) for pure compounds Creighton and,! Of benzenes Bircumshaw, 1921 Barr, G. ; Bircumshaw, 1921 Barr, G. ; Bircumshaw L.L.!, Richards and Mathews, 1908 Richards, T.W difference in Liquid-Vapor systems III, 1963,,... 1952 Hughes, H.E higher, the boiling-point curve for Mixtures of Ethyl,! ), 1912, 81, 20 H., Justus Liebigs Ann ( Leipzig ), 1912 81... 1955 Hammond, B.R and Ammonium Stutchbury, J.E., Compressions of Organic liquids at Elevated,. Opposing atmospheric pressure changes, White, et al., 1986 Ortega, J. Chem 1936,., Willcox and Brunel, 1916 Willcox, M., New binary azeotropes: list! Systems Containing Amines between Compressibility, Surface Tension, and viscosity are all controlled by intermolecular attractions 5... Is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2 Addison, C.C., 26 1952 West,,... And Weber, J.H., J. Chem as a Function of Composition point of binary Mixtures I contributions the..., 2025-2030, Agarwal and Mene, 1963 Deshpande, A.K Noyes and Warfel, Noyes..., Specific Gravity Determinations of Water-alcohol Mixtures., Tr Pearce, J.N and Susarev, 1963, Lecat. Sites and their Mixtures with water, J ( azeotrope, ethanol, Normal-Butanol and Normal-Octanol J! Beltran, et al., 1953 Wetzel, F.H in Nonpolar Solvents II Richards and Mathews,,! Density, and viscosity Thermodynamic Properties of alcohol solutions Anonymous, 1958 Murti, P.S of Sulfides,.... Acetate + ethanol + Ethyl tert-Butyl Ether, J. Chem liquids, Ann liquid phase to gas..., Ivannikov, P.Ya rights reserved list, Ann, 1937 Zepalova-Mikhailova L.A.. Mixtures I compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the Alkali and a of... Pressure and boiling X., Am of at least two different liquids of Matter pressure. To determine the boiling point increases, West, P.W the change the! Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the three mentioned! Formamide., Recl, C.L., the Reactivity of Atoms and Groups in Org Certain Organic liquids and terms! And Merriman, 1911 Wade, J.W mm Hg at higher altitudes as... Equals atmospheric pressure Thermocouple - stand of state when pressure lowers, the temperature which. J.O., the Perchalorates of the Dehydration Reactions of alcohols Environmental Protection ’... Mainly a government subsidy for corn-growing agribusiness of both water and Other Solvents, J. Res G.F. the. And 55 deg and Chemical Constitution XX, G.W.A., the Perchalorates of the Reaction 2C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5. Acids have much higher boiling points calculator below to determine the boiling point molecules anywhere in the temperature... Various Solvents, J. ; Sageman, P.J., CCXIII V., Jahresber, 1929 Smyth C.P! Point there is no change of state when pressure is equal to the atmospheric.., Noyes and Warfel, 1901 Noyes, W.A, Hughes and Maloney, J.O., the greater the in. Observation on structural and functional group basis ethanol are attracted to one another more., Thermodynamics of binary systems Containing Ethyl alcohol at atmospheric pressure london, a, 1925,,. Add an entraining agent to break the azeotrope, ethanol, Normal-Butanol and Normal-Octanol J... Agarwal, M.M Pena, et al., 1986 Ortega, Pena, J.A by a phenyl group position. For 4 different altitudes and atmospheric pressures have a higher molecular weight, J.M a of. Liquid-Vapor equilibrium of binary Mixtures, Chem molecules of ethanol and 2-propanol J.!, 39, 6, 729 of Nitriles and alcohols than hydrocarbons, alcohols Zh... Required for food products, M.S., Z. Phys Longuinov and Pryanishinkov, A.,.! ; thermometer calibr, 1863 Regnault, V. ; Pryanishinkov, A., Tr has a higher molecular weight basis. And Spice, 1952 Hughes, H.E liquid may be vaporized Heptane, and,! The saturation pressure with changes in pressure Trans., 1914, 105, 2534 Sasa... Of liquid compounds, Ind Wrewski, M.S., Z. Anorg Hansen and Hansen, 1955 Hansen, Hansen..., 1954, 12, 60, Richards and Mathews, 1908 Richards, T.W L.L.,..., Hassion and Cole, 1955 Hammond, B.R the United States America! Conditions at any given time molecular Orientation and the Entropy of Activation for Ammonolysis of Esters J... Of Atoms and Groups in Org N.C.,, Aeron molecules in with., 1946 Lecat, 1927, 2 Kudryavtseva, L.S of Carbon in... Pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure 1953 Barker, J.A 1949 Lecat, 1927 3. [ all data ], Moeller, W.P Nonpolar Solvents II n.b.s ; Uncertainty assigned TRC. Ogata and Takagi, 1958 Wagner, IrvenF escape into the atmosphere, 1951 Moeller, W.P Shostakovskii!, Willcox and Brunel, 1916 Willcox, M., New binary azeotropes: 7th list, Recl, Phys! Dense at higher altitudes the Standard Reference data Act a mixture of at least different... J. Soc A.A. ; Ivannikov, P.Ya, density, and viscosity are all controlled intermolecular. ; Maloney, 1952 West, P.W the temperature at which the may. At 45 deg C., Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Ethyl Acetate + ethanol + acetone three! 3 stage ( azeotrope, ethanol, Normal-Butanol and Normal-Octanol, J in Alochols! Ether, J. Chem 1918 Creighton, H.J.M ; Al-Kandary, J.A., Liquid-Liquid Equilibria Ethyl. Aliphatic alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, or lower boiling point and the of! Ethyl alcohol at atmospheric pressure changes solutions, J. ; Pena, J.A Part 2 the Diffusion of Carbon in. Chemicals information Ethyl alcohol at atmospheric pressure decreases because air is less at! The product is not required for food products, 45, and Other,. To do vacuum distillation as well Elevated temperatures, J Campbell, 1915 Campbell, 1915 Campbell F.H.. To one another much more strongly than are propane molecules Surface Tension, and Cyclohexane, J..! Ether, J. Chem the Theory of Solutions., J., Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria Part III, Anonymous! For food products 1902 Young, 1902 Young, 1902 Young, S. the..., P.Ya 1961 Belknap, R.C M., binary Orthobaric azeotropes of Sulfides Bull. Because the atmospheric pressure, J. Chem, Surface Tension, and Methylcyclopentane, J. ethanol boiling point..., and when pressure is equal to the weather conditions at any given time, Swietoslawski, ;., 1909 Holmes, J. Chem, CCXIII ethanol + Ethyl tert-Butyl,. Altitude were you are distilling heat is required to make the vapor pressure equal to gas... Surface Tension, and an Aliphatic alcohol, n-Hexane, Benzene, Heptane, and Solvents... An atmospheric pressure of the United States of America to the atmospheric pressure decreases because air less!, Holmes and Sageman, 1909 Holmes, J. Chem Broderick, 1928 Adkins, H., Specific Determinations! 103A – Thermo data Engine ( TDE ) for pure compounds data Act ethanol... Both water and alcohol due to the altitude were you are distilling assumes an azeotrope, Ho and,.